Archive for the 'Guides' Category

SSH into a Windows computer

So you’re cruising along in Linux, happily using SSH to tunnel into every server you have access to, and suddenly you realize you need to get a file on your Windows computer. Sure, you could set up a remote desktop client like LogMeIn or GoToMyPC, but it’s just so simple to use SSH. But Windows only has telnet, which is not only disabled by default but horribly insecure to boot.

The solution is simple: Cygwin.

Cygwin provides access to a plethora tools you might find on your average Linux system, including an SSH server and related tools. I won’t go into the gory details of getting it up and running, as Gina Trapani of Lifehacker fame has already written a wonderful tutorial on this very topic. It’s an old article (from 2006), but it should still be accurate as far as all the steps go.

One thing you may notice if you’re running Windows Vista or Windows 7 is the addition of a mysterious user account called Privileged Server on your login screen. When SSH was being set up in Cygwin, a separate user was created for the SSH server, presumably so you couldn’t muck up too much on your own account when tunneling into your computer. It’s supposed to be there, but it may be kind of annoying to have a user account you’re never going to directly access taking up space on your login page. This can be fixed using the registry, but don’t edit it if you’re not entirely sure what you’re doing. Screwing up the registry can potentially result in irreparable damage to your Windows installation, computer hardware, and personal relationships. Yes, it’s that powerful. (I’m kidding.)

First things first, open up regedit via either the search box in the Start menu or the Run dialog. Once it’s open, navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon. Right-click on Winlogon in the tree directory (left panel) and select New>Key. Type SpecialAccounts in the box that appears and hit Enter. Again in the tree directory, right-click on SpecialAccounts and create a new key titled UserList. (Note: these keys may already exist. In that case, simply click to enter them.)

Now, in UserList, right-click in the right panel and select New>DWORD (32-bit) Value. Name it cyg_server. (Note: I believe this is the account name, but you can double-check by right-clicking on My Computer, selecting Properties, then Advanced Properties, and clicking the Settings button under User Profiles. There may be a number of profiles there other than your personal account, but the SSH server likely has cyg somewhere in the name.)

Double-clicking on the value name will allow you to modify the data contained within. The default of 0 hides the account from the login screen, but you can show it again by changing that to 1.

Now you can exit out of regedit and log out or restart your computer to see the login screen sans Privileged Server! Congratulations, you are now a computer wizard. You may now put on your robe and hat.

How to easily upgrade WordPress

If you’re like me and run your own copy of WordPress that’s not actually hosted by WordPress.com, upgrading can be a little bit annoying, especially with the minor security fixes that come out every so often. Luckily, there’s a fairly easy way to do this, as Zack of All Trades illustrates. You can do this if you have access to an SSH or Telnet shell. Some hosts don’t offer it, but others do, so you’ll need to check with your web host to see if you can access your account via a shell client. It’s is not for the weak of heart.

I wouldn’t recommend this method for major upgrades, but I suppose it’d work out just fine. I’ve used it for the past few minor updates and it’s been great. Less time spent using an FTP client and more time spent…uh…writing, I suppose. Maybe. Sometimes.

Missing recent documents in Vista

This may be an unusual problem, but I figured I’d post a how-to just in case. Anyways, ever since I installed Microsoft Office 2007 on my copy of Windows Vista Home Premium I have been unable to view recent documents. Normally, there’s a list of documents you’ve opened that shows up in a few places in Windows, including all the Office programs. For me, it has always been grayed out. Why? Apparently, my administrator (a.k.a. me) disallowed recent document history using group policy. Now, since I had done no such thing, it must have been something Windows did on its own. Or something. My copy of Windows is really screwed up.

Anyways, I know all about group policy. On any other version of Windows, you could simply go to your Start men, and type “gpedit.msc” (no quotes) in the Run box. Here’s a short tutorial for this on Windows XP and earlier. It should also work on Vista Business, Enterprise, and Ultimate. Unfortunately, you can’t use gpedit.msc to edit group policy on Vista Home Basic or Home Premium. Instead, you have to directly edit the registry. Don’t panic! I’ll guide you through. But always be sure to make a backup before editing the registry. This is easily done by clicking File>Export… in the Registry Editor and selecting “All” at the bottom of the screen that comes up. Do it now. Do it.

Go ahead and open up the Registry Editor by typing “regedit” (no quotes) in your Start menu search box and pressing enter. Find the following registry key: HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer. (HKCU stands for HKEY_CURRENT_USER.) Double-click on the value inside the key labeled “NoRecentDocsHistory”. Change the 1 to 0. If it’s already 0, you don’t even need this tutorial and have wasted five minutes of your life. Way to go.

Anyways, now that you’ve edited this value, you should be able to view recent documents in Office programs and Windows itself. At the very least, you can actually edit the recent documents options in Windows and Office. Hopefully this will be helpful to someone. Maybe I just have strange computer problems that never show up for anyone else… And if I was too technical or confusing in this guide, feel free to leave me a comment.

Finally, if you’re interested in editing more group policy stuff in Vista Home Basic or Home Premium, I suggest downloading this Excel spreadsheet from Microsoft, which lists all the group policy settings and their corresponding registry keys. Very useful, especially without gpedit.msc (which is basically an easier to use interface for these particular registry keys). Or you could spring for Vista Ultimate.

FAT32 to NTFS

NTFS is the file system of choice for Windows operating systems based off the NT kernel. It’s popularly used in Windows 2000, XP, and Vista, among others. It replaced FAT32, which was used by previous Windows and MS-DOS operating systems, such as Windows 95 and 98.

Why use NTFS? Well, there are plenty of good reasons, such as metadata and larger file sizes. FAT32 limited filesize to 4 GB, but it’s nigh-unlimited in NTFS. However, FAT32 has a bonus over NTFS in that it is easily read by other operating systems, such as Linux and Mac OS. Both other operating systems can only read NTFS partitions, so special software or drivers must be installed in order to give write access. That’s really the only advantage, but it doesn’t beat the 4 GB filesize limit or the 32 GB partition limit inherent in FAT32, making NTFS the all-around better choice if you just use Windows.

Continue reading ‘FAT32 to NTFS’

SendTo folder in Vista

So, you just got Windows Vista and you’re looking to trick it out as much as you can. If you’re a power user like me, this includes putting some shortcuts in the SendTo folder. In XP, this was easy. You went to Documents and Settings, your user profile folder, and the SendTo folder was right in there. Alas, it’s nowhere as easy as that in Vista. Yes, the folder exists, but it’s deeper in your User folder. Much deeper. But have no fear! I’ve got the perfect solution for you.

1. Make a shortcut by right-clicking on the program you want a shortcut to and selecting Create Shortcut. Rename it as you see fit.

2. Click the Start orb and click in the quick search box. Type in “shell:sendto” (without the quotes). Press enter.

3. Copy the shortcut made in step 1 to the folder that popped up in step 2 and you’re all done.

Now, if you want to send a file to this program (the program I did this for is Emacs), right click on the file, go to Send To, and select your program. How easy was that? (Don’t answer.)

 

February 2012
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